13.10.2008
РОССИЙСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ НАУК

УРАЛЬСКОЕ ОТДЕЛЕНИЕ

ИНСТИТУТ ХИМИИ TBEPДОГО ТЕЛА
   
| | | | |
| | | | | |
 13.10.2008   Карта сайта     Language По-русски По-английски
Новые материалы
Экология
Электротехника и обработка материалов
Медицина
Статистика публикаций


13.10.2008



Environmentally friendly explosives



09 October 2008



Scientists in Germany have made lead-free detonators for reducing the environmental impact of military explosives. 


Detonators contain primary explosives which can be easily ignited by a physical or electric stimulus. They are used to trigger the explosion of more stable energetic materials in guns and hand grenades. Currently, almost all primary explosives are based on lead azide which causes concern for human health and the environment. 


 


Explosion








Klapötke says that the new primary explosives are good enough for military use



 


Thomas Klapötke and colleagues at the Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich made alkali metal salts as a replacement for lead azide. 'Lead is a toxic heavy metal and there are concerns about lead concentration at military training grounds,' says Klapötke. Over 90 000 hand grenades are used at these sites every year, explains Klapötke, therefore it is important to try to make the soldiers lives safer and healthier by removing toxic substances. 


Klapötke's team made a family of alkali metal salts with the energetic 5-nitrotetrazolate anion.  The salts with the harder lithium and sodium cations were found to contain crystal water, which gives them low sensitivity towards shock and friction.  The rest of the alkali metal salts form as the anhydrous species, and show increased explosive sensitivities making them more useful as prospective replacements for commonly used primary explosives.


Klapötke says that the new primary explosives are good enough for military use, however more work is needed to improve their thermally stability for use in harsh conditions such as for oil drilling. In the future we also hope to look into environmentally friendly replacements for other explosives such as perchlorates which are used as oxidisers in pyrotechnics and solid rocket boosters, he adds. 


Joseph Backofen, BRIGS Co., Herndon, US, an expert in ballistics, comments 'this work represents a clear path towards developing new energetic materials that are free from constituents deemed harmful to their users during routine work. This issue is important in primers used in rifle and pistol ammunition used in indoor training ranges by police and military personnel.'


Sarah Dixon




Link to journal article



Alkali metal 5-nitrotetrazolate salts: prospective replacements for service lead(II) azide in explosive initiators
Thomas M. Klapötke, Carles Miró Sabaté and Jan M. Welch, Dalton Trans., 2008


Дизайн и программирование N-Studio 
А Б В Г Д Е Ё Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я
  • Chen Wev   honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Harton Vladislav Vadim  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Lichtenstain Alexandr Iosif  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Novikov Dimirtii Leonid  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • Yakushev Mikhail Vasilii  honorary member of ISSC science council

  • © 2004-2024 ИХТТ УрО РАН
    беременность, мода, красота, здоровье, диеты, женский журнал, здоровье детей, здоровье ребенка, красота и здоровье, жизнь и здоровье, секреты красоты, воспитание ребенка рождение ребенка,пол ребенка,воспитание ребенка,ребенок дошкольного возраста, дети дошкольного возраста,грудной ребенок,обучение ребенка,родить ребенка,загадки для детей,здоровье ребенка,зачатие ребенка,второй ребенок,определение пола ребенка,будущий ребенок медицина, клиники и больницы, болезни, врач, лечение, доктор, наркология, спид, вич, алкоголизм православные знакомства, православный сайт творчeства, православные рассказы, плохие мысли, православные психологи рождение ребенка,пол ребенка,воспитание ребенка,ребенок дошкольного возраста, дети дошкольного возраста,грудной ребенок,обучение ребенка,родить ребенка,загадки для детей,здоровье ребенка,зачатие ребенка,второй ребенок,определение пола ребенка,будущий ребенок